Sujets)
Anticorps antiviraux/sang , Complexe antigène-anticorps/sang , Antigènes viraux/immunologie , COVID-19/diagnostic , Glycoprotéines/immunologie , SARS-CoV-2/immunologie , Antigènes viraux/sang , Antigènes viraux/génétique , Marqueurs biologiques/sang , COVID-19/sang , COVID-19/immunologie , COVID-19/virologie , Études cas-témoins , Chromatographie d'affinité , Glycoprotéines/sang , Glycoprotéines/génétique , Humains , Sérums immuns/composition chimique , Immunoglobuline A/sang , Immunoglobuline G/sang , Spectrométrie de masse en tandemRésumé
To evaluate the maternal serum afamin and vitamin E levels in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to investigate their association with composite adverse perinatal outcomes. This prospective, case-control study consisted of 60 pregnant women with COVID-19 infection and 36 age-matched pregnant women without any defined risk factors. Demographic features, laboratory test results, afamin and vitamin E levels were compared between the groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the relationship of afamin and vitamin E levels in predicting composite adverse perinatal outcomes. A correlation analysis was performed between afamin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in pregnant women with COVID-19. The obstetric complication rate was higher in the COVID-19 group (13.3% vs. 2.8%) (p = .01). Afamin levels were higher and vitamin E levels were lower in the COVID-19 group (p = .02 and p < .001, respectively). Vitamin E levels were lower in the COVID-19 group for the all trimesters (p < .001, p < .001, and p = .004, respectively). Afamin levels were higher in the COVID-19 group for the all trimesters without reaching statistical significance (p > .05). The values in the ROC curves with the best balance of sensitivity/specificity for afamin and vitamin E were 0.424 mg/l (70.6% sensitivity, 44.3% specificity) and 3.150 µg/ml (76.5% sensitivity, 58.2% specificity), respectively. A positive moderate statistically significant correlation was found between afamin and CRP levels (r = .264, p = .009). Higher afamin and lower vitamin E levels may support the elevated oxidative stress in the etiopathogenesis of COVID-19 and the relationship with composite adverse perinatal outcomes.
Sujets)
COVID-19/sang , Complications infectieuses de la grossesse/sang , Complications infectieuses de la grossesse/virologie , Sérum-albumine humaine/métabolisme , Vitamine E/sang , Adulte , Protéine C-réactive/métabolisme , COVID-19/épidémiologie , COVID-19/virologie , Protéines de transport/sang , Études cas-témoins , Femelle , Glycoprotéines/sang , Humains , Stress oxydatif/physiologie , Grossesse , Issue de la grossesse , Études prospectives , Sensibilité et spécificité , Turquie/épidémiologieRésumé
INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 outbreak as a world pandemic on 12th March 2020. Diagnosis of suspected cases is confirmed by nucleic acid assays with real-time PCR, using respiratory samples. Serology tests are comparatively easier to perform, but their utility may be limited by the performance and the fact that antibodies appear later during the disease course. We aimed to describe the performance data on serological assays for COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review of multiple reports and kit inserts on the diagnostic performance of rapid tests from various manufacturers that are commercially available were performed. Only preliminary data are available currently. RESULTS: From a total of nine rapid detection test (RDT) kits, three kits offer total antibody detection, while six kits offer combination SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG detection in two separate test lines. All kits are based on colloidal gold-labeled immunochromatography principle and one-step method with results obtained within 15 minutes, using whole blood, serum or plasma samples. The sensitivity for both IgM and IgG tests ranges between 72.7% and 100%, while specificity ranges between 98.7% to 100%. Two immunochromatography using nasopharyngeal or throat swab for detection of COVID-19 specific antigen are also reviewed. CONCLUSIONS: There is much to determine regarding the value of serological testing in COVID-19 diagnosis and monitoring. More comprehensive evaluations of their performance are rapidly underway. The use of serology methods requires appropriate interpretations of the results and understanding the strengths and limitations of such tests.
Sujets)
Infections à coronavirus/diagnostic , Pneumopathie virale/diagnostic , Trousses de réactifs pour diagnostic/normes , Tests sérologiques/normes , Anticorps monoclonaux humanisés/sang , Anticorps antiviraux/sang , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Dépistage de la COVID-19 , Techniques de laboratoire clinique , Glycoprotéines/sang , Humains , Immunoglobuline G/sang , Pandémies , SARS-CoV-2 , Sensibilité et spécificitéRésumé
Validation studies of serological antibody tests must be properly designed for clinical, epidemiological and Public Health objectives such as confirmation of suspected COVID-19 cases, certification of seroconversion after infection, and epidemiological surveillance. We evaluated the kinetics of IgM, IgA and IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 patients with confirmed (rRT-PCR) infection. We found that the IgA response appears and grows early, peaks at week 3, and it is stronger and more persistent than the IgM response. Further longitudinal investigations of virus-specific antibodies functions and of their protective efficacy over time are needed.